Ramesh K Sen, NRS Murthy, Shivinder S Gill, and Onkar N Nagi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

The role of quantitative bacteriology is considered controversial for the prediction of infection in open fractures. A study was done in 20 patients with open fractures. Post debridement pieces of skin, muscle and periosteal tissue were obtained for quantitative bacterial counts. Among a total of 50 samples from all of the tissues, 29 showed positive bacterial counts (16 of 20 skin, 11 of 20 muscle and 2 of 10 periosteum samples). By quantitative estimation, the bacterial load was >10 (5) per gram in 10 skin and 3 muscle tissue samples. Infection developed in 9 of the 20 cases within one month, and eight of these patients had contamination of >10 (5) per gram in 8 of the skin but only 3 muscle samples. It was concluded that with tissue specific bacterial load estimation, prediction of subsequent infection can be made if skin tissue contains >10 (5) per gram, or if muscle tissue carries any level of bacterial presence.